The Seat of the Soul

Important Epidemiological Studies and Publications Denying an MMR & Autism Connection

• Immunization Safety Review: Vaccines and Autism, Institute of Medicine of the National Academy of Sciences
• Peltola H, Patja A, Leinikki P, Valle M, Davidkin I, Paunio M. No evidence for measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine-associated inflammatory bowel disease or autism in a 14-year prospective study.
  Lancet. 1998 May 2;351(9112):1327-8. PMID: 9643797
• Taylor B, Miller E, Farrington CP, Petropoulos MC, Favot-Mayaud I, Li J, Waight PA. Autism and measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine: no epidemiological evidence for a causal association.
  Lancet. 1999 Jun 12;353(9169):2026-9. PMID: 10376617
• DeStefano F, Chen RT. Negative association between MMR and autism.
  Lancet. 1999 Jun 12;353(9169):1987-8. PMID: 10376608
• Patja A, Davidkin I, Kurki T, Kallio MJ, Valle M, Peltola H. Serious adverse events after measles-mumps-rubella vaccination during a fourteen-year prospective follow-up.
  Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2000 Dec;19(12):1127-34. PMID: 11144371
• Halsey NA, Hyman SL; Conference Writing Panel. Measles-mumps-rubella vaccine and autistic spectrum disorder: report from the New Challenges in Childhood Immunizations Conference convened in Oak Brook, Illinois, June 12-13, 2000.
  Pediatrics. 2001 May;107(5):E84. Review. PMID: 11331734
• Davis RL, Kramarz P, Bohlke K, Benson P, Thompson RS, Mullooly J, Black S, Shinefield H, Lewis E, Ward J, Marcy SM, Eriksen E, Destefano F, Chen R; Vaccine Safety Datalink Team. Measles-mumps-rubella and other measles-containing vaccines do not increase the risk for inflammatory bowel disease: a case-control study from the Vaccine Safety Datalink project.
  Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2001 Mar;155(3):354-9. PMID: 11231801
• DeStefano F, Chen RT. Autism and measles-mumps-rubella vaccination: controversy laid to rest?
  CNS Drugs. 2001;15(11):831-7. Review. PMID: 11700148
• Kaye JA, del Mar Melero-Montes M, Jick H. Mumps, measles, and rubella vaccine and the incidence of autism recorded by general practitioners: a time trend analysis. BMJ.
  2001 Feb 24;322(7284):460-3. PMID: 11222420
• Dales L, Hammer SJ, Smith NJ, Time trends in autism and MMR immunization coverage in California.
  JAMA. 2001; 285:1183-1185 PMID: 11231748
• Fombonne E, Chakrabarti S. No evidence for a new variant of measles-mumps-rubella-induced autism.
  Pediatrics. 2001 Oct;108(4):E58. PMID: 11581466
• Farrington CP, Miller E, Taylor B. MMR and autism: further evidence against a causal association.
  Vaccine. 2001 Jun 14;19(27):3632-5. PMID: 11395196
• Smeeth L, Hall AJ, Fombonne E et al. A case control study of autism and mumps-measles-rubella vaccination using the general practice research database.
  BMC Public Health 2001; 1:2.
• Davis RL, Kramarz P, Bohlke K, Benson P, Thompson RS, Mullooly J, Black S, Shinefield H, Lewis E, Ward J, Marcy SM, Eriksen E, Destefano F, Chen R; Vaccine Safety Datalink Team. Measles-mumps-rubella and other measles-containing vaccines do not increase the risk for inflammatory bowel disease: a case-control study from the Vaccine Safety Datalink project.
  Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2001 Mar;155(3):354-9. PMID: 11231801
• Taylor B, Miller E, Lingam R, Andrews N, Simmons A, Stowe J. Measles, mumps, and rubella vaccination and bowel problems or developmental regression in children with autism: population study.
  BMJ. 2002 Feb 16;324(7334):393-6. PMID: 11850369
• DeStefano F, Thompson WW. MMR vaccination and autism: is there a link?
  Expert Opin Drug Saf. 2002 Jul;1(2):115-20. Review. PMID: 12904145
• Jefferson T, Price D, Demicheli V, Bianco E; European Research Program for Improved Vaccine Safety Surveillance (EUSAFEVAC) Project. Unintended events following immunization with MMR: a systematic review.
  Vaccine. 2003 Sep 8;21(25-26):3954-60. Review. PMID: 12922131
• Makela A, Nuorti JP, Peltola H. Neurologic disorders after measles-mumps-rubella vaccination.
  Pediatrics. 2002 Nov;110(5):957-63. PMID: 12415036
• Black C, Kaye JA, Jick H. Relation of childhood gastrointestinal disorders to autism: nested case-control study using data from the UK General Practice Database.
  BMJ. 2002; 325:419-21.
• Smeeth L, Hall A, Rodrigues L, Cook C, Fombonne E. Autism, bowel inflammation, and measles.
  Lancet. 2002 Jun 15;359(9323):2112-3. PMID: 12086784 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=12086784&query_hl=19
• Miller E. Measles-mumps-rubella vaccine and the development of autism.
  Semin Pediatr Infect Dis. 2003 Jul;14(3):199-206. Review. PMID: 12913832
• Wilson K, Mills E, Ross C, McGowan J, Jadad A. Association of autistic spectrum disorder and the measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine: a systematic review of current epidemiological evidence.
  Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2003 Jul;157(7):628-34. Review PMID: 12860782
• DeStefano F, Bhasin TK, Thompson WW, Yeargin-Allsopp M, Boyle C. Age at first measles-mumps-rubella vaccination in children with autism and school-matched control subjects: a population-based study in metropolitan Atlanta.
  Pediatrics. 2004 Feb;113(2):259-66. PMID: 14754936
• Smeeth L, Cook C, Fombonne E, Heavey L, Rodrigues LC, Smith PG, Hall AJ. MMR vaccination and pervasive developmental disorders: a case-control study.
  Lancet. 2004 Sep 11-17;364(9438):963-9. PMID: 15364187
• Chen W, Landau S, Sham P, Fombonne E. No evidence for links between autism, MMR and measles virus.
  Psychol Med. 2004 Apr;34(3):543-53. PMID: 15259839
• Klein KC, Diehl EB. Relationship between MMR vaccine and autism.
  Ann Pharmacother. 2004 Jul-Aug;38(7-8):1297-300. Epub 2004 Jun 1. Review. PMID: 15173555
• Purssell E. Exploring the evidence surrounding the debate on MMR and autism.
  Br J Nurs. 2004 Jul 22-Aug 11;13(14):834-8. Review. PMID: 15284644
• Madsen KM, Vestergaard M. MMR vaccination and autism: what is the evidence for a causal association?
  Drug Saf. 2004;27(12):831-40. Review. PMID: 15366972
• Rutter M. Incidence of autism spectrum disorders: changes over time and their meaning.
  Acta Paediatr. 2005 Jan;94(1):2-15. Review. PMID: 15858952
• Honda H, Shimizu Y, Rutter M. No effect of MMR withdrawal on the incidence of autism: a total population study.
  J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2005 Jun;46(6):572-9. PMID: 15877763
• Demicheli V, Jefferson T, Rivetti A, Price D, Demicheli V. Vaccines for measles, mumps and rubella in children.
  Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2005 Oct 19;(4):CD004407. PMID: 16235361